bom mildura observations

By providing SPECI information proactively, the risk of it being missed as a function of pilot workload, or limitations in the range of AWIS, is reduced. Chance of any rain: 20% Partly cloudy. They also had sufficient fuel to hold for about 45 minutes beyond their planned arrival time. Copyright 2014 - 2022 Jennifer Marohasy. The second opportunity occurred at 0838, when ATC updated Qantas 735 on the conditions at Adelaide. To supplement the information already provided, the crew asked ATC for the latest observation reports for Mildura. The United States (US) AIP that was current at the time of the occurrence listed the various areas of FIS that were provided to pilots in the US. So it is possible that a brief transient change would be very different to an average over the same minute. Light winds becoming southwesterly 20 to 30 km/h during the morning then becoming light during the evening. Manual checking a Mercury thermometer is not my job. As a TTF does not include probability forecasts, only the 0700 amended TAF could include the 30 per cent probability of fog. The FO held an Air Transport Pilot (Aeroplane) Licence with a Boeing 737-300 to -900 endorsement and a current Class 1 Aviation Medical Certificate with no restrictions. The crews estimated arrival time at Mildura was 0932. 3.3.6 Where ATC units provide both FIS and ATC service, the provision of ATC service will take precedence over the provision of FIS whenever the provision of ATC service so requires. It is important that pilots understand what will be provided under Airservices provision of flight information service and that they are also able to request weather and operational information from air traffic control. As the crews of Velocity 1384 and Qantas 735 became aware that the fog at Adelaide was not dissipating as initially forecast, they both started collecting weather and operational information for alternate airports. Ltd. (Virgin). In this amendment the section on the provision of FIS was changed in several areas. Knowing the value of the record as the basis for multi-trillion-dollar future policy decisions, how much is too expensive to leave a Stevenson box alone except to install a small remote camera to take the readings? In addition, the forecaster believed that once formed, the fog would dissipate fairly rapidly. A ground-based transponder station. Rose of Wind direction versus Wind speed in km/h (02 Jan 1946 to 30 Sep 2010) . Neither crew were aware of this TAF nor would they have been able to use this forecast in support of their decision to divert. The validity time for the actual aerodrome QNH is listed as 15 minutes from the time of receipt. Digital photographs of the LIG thermometer at one minute intervals could be taken and compared to the probe. The submissions were reviewed and where considered appropriate, the text of the report was amended accordingly. Use the prefix only until an updated MET product or NOTAM is available for dissemination as per 5.1.1.9. A SPECI is a special weather observation report that is triggered by a significant change in a set of parameters, including cloud and visibility. Many non-major airports in Australia have an AWIS and, as this is classified as an ABS, ATC will generally not alert pilots to significant deteriorations or improvements in specified weather condition (SPECIs) at those locations. Upon request from an aircraft, a FIC [flight information centre] provides: (i) meteorological information: SIGMET, AIRMET, PIREP [pilot report], aviation routine weather report (METAR), aviation selected special weather report (SPECI), aerodrome forecast (TAF), altimeter setting, weather radar, lightning information and briefing update; (ii) aeronautical information: NOTAM, RSC [runway surface condition], CRFI [Canadian runway friction index], MANOT [missing aircraft notices] and other information of interest for flight safety; and. To use this page in a spreadsheet, get the plain text version (4 kb). To get other months or places not on this web site, contact us. Automatic En Route Information Service (AERIS). In the case of Mildura, the quality and length of the available parallel data makes it difficult to draw any real conclusions about the equivalence of measurements from the electronic probe installed in July 2012, with measurements from earlier probes and/or the mercury thermometer first installed back in 1889. Ltd. as Velocity 1384 and VH-VYK operated by Qantas Airways Ltd. as Qantas 735, were on scheduled flights to Adelaide, South Australia. 2 tank supplying the majority of the fuel to both engines and therefore being used at a higher rate. The crew of Qantas 735 elected to hold at waypoint BLACK, which was 48 NM (89km) from Adelaide, rather than continue their descent to the airport, which was still affected by fog. These conditions can be determined by BoM or other AWSs. You should read the important information in these notes. The No. At about 2350 WST, when the flight crew commenced descent, the aircraft passed the point where it had sufficient fuel to divert to Learmonth, Western Australia. Of the 160 occurrences, 36 resulted in the declaration of a PAN or other emergency by the crew to facilitate either a diversion (particularly to a military airport) or priority landing. Supervisors at Melbourne Centre indicated that the BoM would often ask for more than one report of deteriorating weather to inform their decision making in relation to amending a forecast. The AIP ENR 1.10 paragraph 1.1 had a requirement for a pilot in command to consider forecasts and observation reports during their pre-flight planning. The visibility and cloud detected by the AWS was broadly consistent with the SPECIs that were available at that time as both were generated from the same data source. The BoM Aeronautical Services Handbook (ASH), which is available as guidance for staff, lists the priorities for the provision of services. I am shocked that as late as the 90s and 2000s they were not taking every precaution in preservation of a national and world treasure. As such, when the crew of Velocity 1384 initiated the diversion to Mildura Airport, they had not confirmed sufficient fuel to meet the TEMPO requirement. Perhaps they need to be asked the exact correct question and will give nothing away helpfully. This section also provided guidance on what actions to carry out if an in-flight fuel check indicated the expected fuel remaining on arrival at the destination was insufficient. Critical to the assurance of safe flight is for weather services, air traffic services and aircraft operators to also have a clear understanding of their roles and responsibilities in the system. A second review of the ATSB occurrence database was conducted to examine the level of assistance provided by ATC to flight crew and identify any systemic issues. Oh dear Dr Marohasy, BoM must be triggered by this post: https://thewest.com.au/news/weather/bureau-of-meteorology-staff-step-up-industrial-action-ng-b88757610z. Forecast Areas Map Observations Melbourne Observations All Victorian Observations Rainfall & River Conditions QLD QLD Weather & Warnings Warnings Summary Forecasts Brisbane Forecast Qld. There is the potential that due to workload considerations, pilot requests may be redirected to another VHF frequency or Flightwatch HF. Weather delivered differently. In addition, pilots should note the potential benefits of informing the controller of a non-normal situation. As such, there is still a reliance on services such as FIS to provide pilots with an appreciation of deteriorations in weather at certain airports. On completion of this initial research, the ATSB will progressively examine the weather forecast reliability at all Australian major airports. The highest annual total for such events was nine, as recorded in 1956 and 1983. This alert is used to notify flight crew of a sudden change to a component of FIS, not described in a current MET product or NOTAM, having an immediate and detrimental effect on the safety of an aircraft. Forecast for the rest of Saturday Summary Partly cloudy. As the flight crew of Qantas 735 was preparing to depart Sydney, just prior to leaving the gate, the 0700 amended TAF for Adelaide was issued. Table 6: Categories of ILS and required minimum cloud ceiling and visibility in which: The low visibility/autoland capability can be divided into two levels, defined as fail passive or fail operational. | Legal. Given the 2-minute time period between the air ambulance pilots report of the deterioration and the production of a SPECI, the opportunity for a hazard alert to incoming aircraft was effectively negated. Obviously todays scientists are too smart for the basics. At the time of writing, the results of this research for Mildura Airport were available and are summarised below. Conversely, if the aircraft is a distance away (eg one hour) the observation should be viewed with caution. This scenario is explained in the Flight Crew Training Manual (FCTM) (see appendix A). Moron Australis here we come! A trend forecast is defined as an aerodrome weather report to which a statement of trend is appended. Mildura Get weather for: Search You do not have a default location set To set your location please use the search box to find your location and then click "set as my default location" on the local weather page. While the BoM has never released reports with parallel data supporting the claim of equivalence, in late October and early December 2017 a first and second lot of A8 forms were released to me this followed my request to Minister Josh Freydenberg on 26 September for parallel measurements, and more specifically on 22 October for these A8 forms immediately after I was informed by a whistle-blower that these forms contained the relevant information. This was because the Aeronautical Information Publication (AIP) Australia stated that a TAF that is valid for 30minutes prior to the arrival must be used for flight planning purposes. The crew replied that the cloud base was at 150 ft AGL and that they had landed off the approach due fuel. These services did not provide for the recognition and active dissemination of special weather reports (SPECI) to pilots, thereby not meeting the intent of the SPECI alerting function provided by controller-initiated flight information service. These include increased monitoring and support as required and the potential to reduce pilot workload in stressful situations. In this instance, that would have increased the risk of the starvation of fuel to the No.2 engine late in the approach or on landing due to the low fuel level in the No.2 main wing tank at that time. Taking into account aircraft traffic arrival patterns at Mildura, these events, which would not have required crews to have planned for an alternate, resulted in the potential for an average of four aircraft per year being affected by unforecast weather conditions that were below the landing minima. The ATSB calculated that, at 0918 when the first SPECI associated with the low cloud at Mildura was issued, Qantas 735 had sufficient fuel to hold at cruise altitude until about 0955 then return to Adelaide and complete an emergency autoland with the fixed fuel reserve intact. - Digits on tank(s) with low fuel quantity turn amber. The first SPECI indicating the presence of fog was issued at 0948, showing visibility as 900 m in fog and cloud overcast at 100 ft. The aisle supervisors were appropriately endorsed and current for their role, which included oversight of the en route sector controllers. Partly cloudy. Irrespective, the extent and duration of the deterioration meant that even meeting the TEMPO fuel requirement, this would not have provided sufficient fuel to hold until the fog and low cloud at Mildura cleared sufficiently. This included the 0800 TTF, which indicated the fog would dissipate by 0900. This is just the most obvious of many electrical noise possibilities. It also indicated that the provision of ATC-initiated FIS would be generally limited to aircraft within 60minutes flight time of the condition or destination at the time of the receipt of the information by ATC. Evidence from the relevant ATC enroute sector recorded radio communication showed that controllers were providing inbound aircraft within 60minutes of Adelaide Airport with advice of an amended TAF and of ongoing SPECIs. For the deterioration at Adelaide, ATC did not need to use the Hazard Alert prefix as the deterioration was in a current meteorological product. However, that attempt resulted in a second missed approach. Fail passive capability is the minimum required aircraft capability to conduct a Cat II and some CAT IIIA ILS approaches. It was also fitted with a Head-up Guidance System (HGS), which is located on the captains side. Often the reports were consistent with the forecast, or were triggered by an improvement in conditions. This service responds to in-flight requests for operational information from pilots operating in all classes of airspace on air traffic control VHF frequencies or high frequencies (HF). The crew of Qantas 735 applied a revised minimum to the approach that was 200 ft lower than that published. Qantas maintained a sterile cockpit from push back until established above 10,000 ft above mean sea level in the climb. Surely this would be easier than procuring and manually transcribing BOM records? This includes the importance of controller/pilot communication to enhance situation awareness, particularly in regard to nonroutine situations such as deteriorating weather or aircraft low fuel state. The article stated: Aviation special weather - SPECI, which can be obtained from an automatic broadcast service (ABS), no longer needs to be directed or broadcast to aircraft by ATS [air traffic services]. The ATSB is continuing its investigation into the circumstances surrounding the diversion of a B737 aircraft, registered VH-YIR (YIR) and operated by Virgin Australia, to Mildura, Victoria on 18June 2013. A number of these challenges have been identified by the Centre of Australian Weather and Climate Research and include that: At interview, the BoM similarly stated that as fog is a very rare event for most airports, it is difficult to accurately forecast. Rockhampton Airport (Connor Park) (IATA: ROK, ICAO: YBRK) is a major Australian regional airport in West Rockhampton that services the city of Rockhampton, with direct flights to the cities of Brisbane, and Mackay.Flights have previously operated to Sydney and Melbourne but were cancelled due to lack of passenger numbers. The MATS also indicated that responsibility for issuing a hazard alert rested with the responsible ATS unit. For a large jet aircraft, this position is typically within 30minutes flight time of the AWIS and occurs during a period of increased crew workload associated with the descent. (i) other activities likely to affect safety. The Tailem Bend en route sector comprised the airspace from 36 NM (67 km) to 140 NM (259 km) to the east of Adelaide Airport. Somewhat surprisingly, the automatic weather stations at Mildura for these three Septembers recorded statistically significantly cooler temperatures than the mercury thermometers. This role included liaison with flight dispatch to update flight plans and manage diversions as applicable. In these notes redirected to another VHF frequency or Flightwatch HF was 200 ft lower than that.! South Australia prefix only until an updated MET product or NOTAM is available for dissemination as per 5.1.1.9 second. Give nothing away helpfully aircraft is a distance away ( eg one hour ) the observation should viewed... Temperatures than the Mercury thermometers, were on scheduled flights to Adelaide, South.. Conditions can be determined by BoM or other AWSs it was also fitted with a Guidance. 20 to 30 Sep 2010 ) an improvement in conditions minutes from the of! 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